Gemstone Hardness Chart

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Gemstone Hardness Chart is based on the Mohs scale of hardness, which measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching (1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest).

Gemstone Hardness Chart (Mohs Scale)

Hardness Gemstone Examples
1 Talc (softest mineral)
2 Gypsum
3 Calcite, Amber, Coral, Pearl
4 Fluorite, Malachite
5 Apatite, Lapis Lazuli, Obsidian, Turquoise, Opal
6 Feldspar, Peridot, Tanzanite, Moonstone
6.5 – 7 Quartz, Amethyst, Citrine, Tourmaline, Garnet, Jade, Zircon
7.5 – 8 Spinel, Topaz, Aquamarine, Emerald, Chrysoberyl, Alexandrite
9 Sapphire, Ruby (Corundum family)
10 Diamond (Hardest naturally occurring material)

💡 Key Takeaways:

  • Diamonds (10) are the hardest, meaning only a diamond can scratch another diamond.
  • Rubies & Sapphires (9) are extremely durable, making them great for everyday jewelry.
  • Quartz (7) & Tourmaline (7-7.5) are common in jewelry but can get scratched by harder materials.
  • Pearls (3-4) & Opals (5-6.5) are quite soft and require extra care.

Gemstone Hardness Chart is based on the Mohs scale of hardness, which measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching (1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest).

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