Gemstone Hardness Chart

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Gemstone Hardness Chart is based on the Mohs scale of hardness, which measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching (1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest).

Gemstone Hardness Chart (Mohs Scale)

HardnessGemstone Examples
1Talc (softest mineral)
2Gypsum
3Calcite, Amber, Coral, Pearl
4Fluorite, Malachite
5Apatite, Lapis Lazuli, Obsidian, Turquoise, Opal
6Feldspar, Peridot, Tanzanite, Moonstone
6.5 – 7Quartz, Amethyst, Citrine, Tourmaline, Garnet, Jade, Zircon
7.5 – 8Spinel, Topaz, Aquamarine, Emerald, Chrysoberyl, Alexandrite
9Sapphire, Ruby (Corundum family)
10Diamond (Hardest naturally occurring material)

💡 Key Takeaways:

  • Diamonds (10) are the hardest, meaning only a diamond can scratch another diamond.
  • Rubies & Sapphires (9) are extremely durable, making them great for everyday jewelry.
  • Quartz (7) & Tourmaline (7-7.5) are common in jewelry but can get scratched by harder materials.
  • Pearls (3-4) & Opals (5-6.5) are quite soft and require extra care.

Gemstone Hardness Chart is based on the Mohs scale of hardness, which measures a mineral’s resistance to scratching (1 being the softest and 10 being the hardest).