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Diamonds are far more than brilliant gemstones. Across centuries, a select few have altered the course of history, passed through royal hands, inspired legends, and set records that still stand today. From ancient Indian mines to modern auction houses, the world’s most famous diamonds combine extraordinary size, rarity, and provenance. Presented here is a curated exploration of ten legendary stones whose stories continue to captivate the world.
Originating from the Kollur Mine in the Golconda region of India, the Koh-i-Noor has a recorded history spanning more than seven centuries. Early accounts estimate its original weight at approximately 186 old carats (around 191 metric carats). After multiple re-cuttings in Europe, the diamond now weighs 105.6 carats. It passed through the hands of Indian rulers, Mughal emperors, Persian conquerors, Afghan kings, and Sikh Maharajas before entering British possession in 1849. Today, it forms part of the British Crown Jewels and is displayed at the Tower of London.
Discovered in 1905 at South Africa’s Premier Mine, the Cullinan diamond remains the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found, weighing 3,106 carats. Cullinan I weighs 530.20 carats and is the largest colourless cut diamond in the world. Presented to King Edward VII, it is set in the Sovereign’s Sceptre with Cross.
Also cut from the original Cullinan rough, Cullinan II weighs 317.40 carats. Cushion-shaped and exceptional in brilliance, it is mounted in the Imperial State Crown and displayed with the British Crown Jewels.
Mined in India’s Kollur Mine during the 17th century, the Hope Diamond originally weighed over 112 carats. Today weighing 45.52 carats, its deep blue colour is caused by trace amounts of boron. It is now housed at the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Discovered in 1698 at the Kollur Mine in India, the Regent Diamond originally weighed approximately 410 carats. After cutting, it emerged as a 140.64-carat cushion-cut diamond and is now preserved at the Louvre Museum, Paris.
Discovered in 1986 at South Africa’s Premier Mine, the Centenary Diamond weighed about 599 carats in the rough. It was transformed into a flawless 273.85-carat diamond. Its current ownership remains private.
Found in 1985 at South Africa’s Premier Mine, the Golden Jubilee Diamond began as a 755.5-carat rough and was cut into a 545.67-carat polished diamond. It is now part of Thailand’s Royal Regalia.
Discovered in 1877 at South Africa’s Kimberley Mine, the Tiffany Yellow Diamond weighed 287.42 carats in the rough. It was cut into a 128.54-carat cushion-shaped diamond and remains owned by Tiffany & Co.
Mined in South Africa in 1999, the Pink Star diamond originally weighed 132.5 carats. After cutting, it emerged as a 59.60-carat fancy vivid pink diamond, now owned by Chow Tai Fook Enterprises.
These diamonds are historical artefacts, symbols of power, and masterpieces of human craftsmanship. Each carries a story shaped by time, culture, and ambition—ensuring their legacy will endure for generations.
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